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Silicon Valley birthplace associations

Fairchild Semiconductor was founded in Palo Alto on September 1957 by eight former employees of Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, establishing the technological foundation for Silicon Valley.

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William Shockley, co-inventor of the transistor, founded Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory in Mountain View in 1955 with support from Arnold Beckman and crucially, encouragement from Stanford University's provost and dean of engineering Frederick Terman. Shockley's laboratory attracted capable engineers including Gordon Moore and Robert Noyce. The lab produced Northern California's first silicon transistor prototypes and became a training ground for the next generation of semiconductor engineers.

In September 1957, frustrated with Shockley's management, eight employees resigned and founded Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation in Palo Alto. The group included Moore, Noyce, Julius Blank, Victor Grinich, Jean Hoerni, Eugene Kleiner, Jay Last, and Sheldon Roberts. Fairchild grew into one of the most important semiconductor companies of the era and spawned dozens of startups, including Advanced Micro Devices and Intel. The term 'Silicon Valley' came into popular use in 1971, naming a region that had become the center of the semiconductor and technology industry.

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